Nitrofurantoin 100 mg tablets are a prescription antibiotic used to treat and prevent bacterial urinary tract infections (UTIs), including bladder and kidney infections. They work by killing susceptible bacteria in the urine. 
Key Information
  • Usage: Used for uncomplicated UTIs, cystitis, and long-term prevention of recurrent infections. It is not effective against viral infections like the cold or flu.
  • Dosage: For adults, a common treatment dose is one 100 mg tablet twice a day (for the prolonged-release form) or four times a day (for the standard tablet) for a prescribed duration, typically 3 to 7 days. A healthcare provider must determine the exact dose and duration.
  • Administration: The tablets should be swallowed whole with food or milk to help absorption and reduce stomach upset, a common side effect.
  • Important Note: It is crucial to complete the full course of the medicine as prescribed, even if you start feeling better sooner. Stopping early can cause the infection to return and become harder to treat. 
Common Side Effects
  • Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
  • Headaches and dizziness or drowsiness.
  • Loss of appetite.
  • Your urine may turn a harmless dark yellow or brown color, which is normal and not a cause for concern. 
Serious Warnings
Contact your doctor immediately if you experience serious side effects, which, while rare, can be life-threatening: 
  • Lung problems: Sudden chest pain, wheezing, persistent cough, or trouble breathing.
  • Liver problems: Yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice), itching, dark urine, or upper stomach pain.
  • Nerve damage: Numbness, tingling, or painful sensations, especially in your hands and feet.
  • Severe allergic reaction: Hives, difficulty breathing, or swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat. 
Contraindications
Nitrofurantoin is not suitable for everyone. Do not take this medication if you have: 
  • Severe kidney disease or urination problems.
  • A history of liver problems caused by nitrofurantoin use.
  • A blood disorder called porphyria or G6PD deficiency.
  • You are in the last month of pregnancy or during labor/delivery. 
Always consult a healthcare professional for a complete list of warnings and to ensure this medication is safe for your specific health conditions.

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