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is a prescription pre-filled injection pen containing a fixed-ratio combination of insulin glargine and lixisenatide, used to manage blood sugar levels in adults with type 2 diabetes.
Active Ingredients and Mechanism
The pen contains two active ingredients that work differently to control blood glucose:
- Insulin Glargine (100 IU/ml): A long-acting basal insulin that provides a steady supply of insulin throughout the day to lower blood sugar levels.
- Lixisenatide (50 mcg/ml or 33 mcg/ml depending on the pen strength): A glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist that helps the body make more insulin during meals and slows down the absorption of glucose from food, further reducing sugar production by the liver.
Uses and Benefits
- Type 2 Diabetes Treatment: It is used as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
- Glycemic Control: Provides enhanced blood sugar control, especially when oral medications (like metformin) or basal insulin alone are not enough.
- Reduces Complication Risks: By effectively managing blood sugar, it helps reduce the long-term risk of serious diabetes complications such as kidney damage, eye damage, nerve problems, and heart disease.
Key Information and Safety
- Administration: Administered as a subcutaneous injection in the abdomen, thigh, or upper arm. The injection site should be rotated to prevent skin changes.
- Timing: Typically used once daily, around the same time each day, within 1 hour prior to the first meal of the day.
- Do Not Stop Abruptly: Do not stop using the injection without consulting your doctor, as this may lead to high blood sugar levels and serious complications.
- Hypoglycemia: The medicine can cause low blood sugar (hypoglycemia). Always carry a fast-acting source of sugar (e.g., fruit juice, hard candy) and regularly monitor your blood glucose levels.
- Alcohol: Avoid alcohol consumption as it can drastically affect blood sugar levels.
- Warnings: It is not for patients with type 1 diabetes or diabetic ketoacidosis. Inform your doctor if you have kidney, liver, heart, or severe stomach/gut problems.
Common Side Effects
Most side effects are generally mild and resolve over time.
- Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar)
- Nausea and vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Headache
- Injection site reactions (pain, redness, itching, swelling)
- Upper respiratory tract infections
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