Teneligliptin 20 mg is an oral medication primarily used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults, typically when diet and exercise alone do not provide sufficient blood sugar control. It is available under various brand names, such as Tenepla, TENglyn, and Ziten. 
Key Information
    • Class of medication: It is a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, or “gliptin”.
    • Mechanism of action: It works by increasing the levels of natural hormones called incretins, which in turn increase insulin release from the pancreas and decrease the hormones (glucagon) that raise blood sugar levels. This helps reduce both fasting and post-meal glucose levels.
    • Dosage: The typical adult dosage is one 20 mg tablet taken orally once daily. A doctor may increase the dose to 40 mg once daily if necessary, based on the patient’s condition and blood sugar levels.
  • Administration: It can be taken with or without food, but should be swallowed whole (not crushed or chewed) and ideally at the same time each day to maintain a consistent effect.
  • Combination therapy: It is often prescribed alone or in combination with other antidiabetic medicines like metformin, sulfonylureas, or insulin to improve overall glycemic control. 
Important Precautions
  • Medical Supervision: Teneligliptin is a prescription medication and should be used strictly as advised by a healthcare professional.
  • Hypoglycemia Risk: While it has a lower risk of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) compared to some other diabetes drugs, the risk increases when used in combination with other medicines like insulin or sulfonylureas. Patients should know the symptoms of hypoglycemia (e.g., sweating, dizziness, confusion) and carry a source of sugar (like glucose candy or fruit juice).
  • Organ Function: Use with caution in patients with severe kidney or liver disease. No dose adjustment is typically needed for renal impairment, but a doctor should monitor these conditions.
  • Pregnancy/Breastfeeding: The safety of teneligliptin during pregnancy and breastfeeding has not been established; consult a doctor if you are pregnant, planning a pregnancy, or breastfeeding.
  • Serious Side Effects: Although rare, potential serious side effects include inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis) and heart failure. Seek immediate medical attention if you experience severe abdominal pain, persistent nausea/vomiting, or symptoms of heart failure (e.g., unusual swelling, rapid weight gain). 

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